Roman Numerals Chart — 1 to 100 and Key Values

Complete Roman numerals chart from 1 to 100, plus key values such as 500, 1000, 1990, 2026 and 3999, and the rules behind them.

Roman numerals 1–100
1 = I2 = II3 = III4 = IV5 = V
6 = VI7 = VII8 = VIII9 = IX10 = X
11 = XI12 = XII13 = XIII14 = XIV15 = XV
16 = XVI17 = XVII18 = XVIII19 = XIX20 = XX
21 = XXI22 = XXII23 = XXIII24 = XXIV25 = XXV
26 = XXVI27 = XXVII28 = XXVIII29 = XXIX30 = XXX
31 = XXXI32 = XXXII33 = XXXIII34 = XXXIV35 = XXXV
36 = XXXVI37 = XXXVII38 = XXXVIII39 = XXXIX40 = XL
41 = XLI42 = XLII43 = XLIII44 = XLIV45 = XLV
46 = XLVI47 = XLVII48 = XLVIII49 = XLIX50 = L
51 = LI52 = LII53 = LIII54 = LIV55 = LV
56 = LVI57 = LVII58 = LVIII59 = LIX60 = LX
61 = LXI62 = LXII63 = LXIII64 = LXIV65 = LXV
66 = LXVI67 = LXVII68 = LXVIII69 = LXIX70 = LXX
71 = LXXI72 = LXXII73 = LXXIII74 = LXXIV75 = LXXV
76 = LXXVI77 = LXXVII78 = LXXVIII79 = LXXIX80 = LXXX
81 = LXXXI82 = LXXXII83 = LXXXIII84 = LXXXIV85 = LXXXV
86 = LXXXVI87 = LXXXVII88 = LXXXVIII89 = LXXXIX90 = XC
91 = XCI92 = XCII93 = XCIII94 = XCIV95 = XCV
96 = XCVI97 = XCVII98 = XCVIII99 = XCIX100 = C
Key values
1 = I4 = IV5 = V9 = IX
10 = X40 = XL50 = L90 = XC
100 = C400 = CD500 = D900 = CM
1000 = M1500 = MD1900 = MCM1990 = MCMXC
1999 = MCMXCIX2000 = MM2024 = MMXXIV2026 = MMXXVI
3000 = MMM3999 = MMMCMXCIX

About this table

Each Roman numeral is read left to right. Add the values of the symbols; when a smaller symbol appears before a larger one, subtract it instead (IV = 5−1 = 4). Only IV, IX, XL, XC, CD and CM are valid subtractive pairs.

How to read Roman numerals

The seven symbols in order of size are M (1000), D (500), C (100), L (50), X (10), V (5) and I (1). Reading is additive, largest first:

Rules that trip people up

Clock faces and some older documents use IIII instead of IV, and some use VIIII for 9. Those are traditional variants, not standard notation.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I read Roman numerals?

Start at the left and add each symbol's value: M=1000, D=500, C=100, L=50, X=10, V=5, I=1. If a smaller symbol sits in front of a larger one, subtract it — so IV is 5−1=4 and IX is 10−1=9.

Which numbers use subtraction?

Only six pairs are standard: IV (4), IX (9), XL (40), XC (90), CD (400) and CM (900). 49 is correctly XLIX, and 949 is CMXLIX.

Why is 4 written IV and not IIII?

Both appear historically — IIII is used on many clock faces — but the subtractive form IV is the standard taught today and the one this chart uses.

How do I write 3999?

MMMCMXCIX. That is the largest value expressible in standard Roman numerals, because no symbol may repeat more than three times.

Are Roman numerals still used today?

Yes — book and film chapter numbers, monarch and pope names, clock faces, Super Bowl naming and copyright years all still use them.