Morse Code Chart — Letters, Numbers & Punctuation

Complete Morse code chart: A–Z, 0–9 and punctuation, with the dot and dash timing rules explained.

About this table

Timing — how dots and dashes become sound

Morse code is not just a pattern of marks; the gaps carry information. The standard ratio (ITU-R M.1677-1) is:

• Dot = 1 time unit of signal  ·  Dash = 3 time units
• Gap inside a letter = 1 unit  ·  between letters = 3 units  ·  between words = 7 units
• So the letter C (-.-.) is: dash, pause, dot, pause, dash, pause, dot — with each pause inside the letter equal to one dot length.

Morse code facts worth knowing

• SOS (... --- ...) is sent as one continuous group, not as three separate letters — that is what makes it recognisable.
• The shortest patterns were assigned to the most common letters in English: E (.), T (-), A (.-), I (..), N (-.) and M (--).
• Numbers all use five symbols and follow a clear logic: 1 is .———— and each step replaces the leading dot with a dash, ending at 0 = —————.
• Accented characters exist in extended Morse tables for languages such as German, Spanish and Japanese, but the letters, digits and punctuation above are the international standard.

To hear any of these patterns, use the Morse code translator — it plays real audio in your browser.

Frequently Asked Questions